Ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke gab da samun maye gurbin hip ko kuma suna la'akari da maye gurbin hip a nan gaba, akwai shawarwari masu mahimmanci da yawa don yin. Mahimmin yanke shawara shine zaɓi na kayan tallafi na prosthetic don maye gurbin haɗin gwiwa: ƙarfe-kan-karfe, ƙarfe-kan-polyethylene, yumbu-on-polyethylene, ko yumbu-on-ceramic. Wani lokaci, wannan na iya zama damuwa!
Za a iya amfani da jimlar tiyata ta maye gurbin hip don maye gurbin haɗin gwiwa na arthritic, ta yin amfani da aikin haɗin gwiwa na wucin gadi don kawar da ciwo ta hanyar shafa saman.
An tsara kayan aikin haɗin gwiwa na wucin gadi don samar da marasa lafiya da kwanciyar hankali da ƙarancin lalacewa. Tun daga shekarun 1960 ne aka yi amfani da ƙarfe na gargajiya da na polyethylene, amma ci gaban fasaha ya haifar da yumbu da sauran kayan da suka zama sananne.
Hip hadin gwiwa kayan dasawa
Ɗaya daga cikin matsalolin da aka fi sani bayan maye gurbin hip shine lalacewa da tsagewar haɗin gwiwa daga amfani da al'ada. Dangane da ƙayyadaddun yanayi na majiyyaci, kamar shekaru, girman, matakin aiki, da ƙwarewar likitan fiɗa tare da ƙayyadaddun dasa, ana iya yin prosthesis na maye gurbin hip da ƙarfe, polyethylene (filastik), ko yumbu. Alal misali, idan majiyyaci yana da aiki sosai ko kuma yana da matashi kuma yana buƙatar babban matakin motsi bayan tiyata, likitan likitancin na iya ba da shawarar dasa yumburan hip.
1,Metal ball shugabanda kuma polyethylene (filastik).
An yi amfani da daidaitattun ƙwallayen ƙarfe da kofin polyethylene tun farkon shekarun 1960. Binciken kimiyya ya nuna cewa yin amfani da ingantattun layukan polyethylene, waɗanda aka fi sani da "masu haɗaɗɗiyar haɗe-haɗe" na polyethylene, na iya rage yawan lalacewa gabaɗaya na implants. Saboda dorewarsa da sauran kaddarorin da ke da alaƙa, ƙarfe na ƙarfe polyethylene ya kasance kayan zaɓi na likitocin orthopedic don abubuwan da suka shafi hip ɗin wucin gadi tun lokacin da aka fara yin tiyatar maye gurbin hip. Ƙarfe ɗin an yi shi da cobalt-chromium gami kuma an yi shi da polyethylene.
2,Ceramic ball shugabanda kuma polyethylene (filastik).
Tukwici na yumbu sun fi ƙarfe wuya kuma sune kayan dasa shuki mafi ƙazanta. Yumbura a halin yanzu da ake amfani da su a aikin tiyata na maye gurbin haɗin gwiwa suna da wuya, mai jurewa, filaye masu laushi waɗanda za su iya rage yawan lalacewa na mu'amalar haɗin gwiwar polyethylene. Matsakaicin yuwuwar lalacewa na wannan dasa ya yi ƙasa da yuwuwar yawan lalacewa na ƙarfe akan polyethylene.
3、 Metal ball shugaban da karfe liner
Metal-on-metal friction musaya (cobalt-chromium alloys, wani lokacin bakin karfe) an yi amfani dashi a farkon 1955, amma FDA ba ta amince da amfani da ita a Amurka ba har zuwa 1999. Kamar yadda fasaha ta ci gaba, lalacewa yana raguwa sosai, yana haifar da ƙananan kumburi da asarar kashi. Ƙarfe na ƙarfe suna samuwa a cikin nau'i-nau'i daban-daban (daga 28mm zuwa 60mm), da kuma zaɓuɓɓukan tsayin wuyan iri-iri. Sai dai kuma rahotannin da aka dade ana yin su sun nuna cewa karfe, a matsayin ion mai aiki da inganci, yana tara tarkacen karfe ne saboda tsagewar lokaci mai tsawo, wanda zai iya haifar da narkar da kashi a kusa da prosthesis na haɗin gwiwa, a ƙarshe yana haifar da sassautawa da lalacewa na haɗin gwiwa. Aikin bai yi nasara ba.
4、 Ceramic ball shugaban darufin yumbu
A cikin wadannan kwatangwalo, an maye gurbin ƙwallan ƙarfe na gargajiya da na'urorin polyethylene da yumbu masu ƙarfi, waɗanda aka san su da ƙarancin sawa. Koyaya, yayin da suke da fa'idodin inganci da ƙarancin lalacewa, suma babu makawa suna da rashin lahani na tsada mai tsada.
Za a ƙayyade zaɓi na ƙarshe na dasawa bisa ƙayyadaddun abubuwan kiwon lafiya na majiyyaci kuma zai buƙaci gwaninta, ilimi, da ƙwarewar likitan likitancin don keɓance takamaiman samfurin masana'anta. Don haka, ya zama dole a tattauna da likitan likitancin ka kafin a yi masa tiyata don fahimtar nau'in dasawa da suke son amfani da shi don tiyatar maye gurbin kwatangwalo, da kuma dalilan zabar wani takamaiman dasa.
Lokacin aikawa: Janairu-18-2024